1774
| Tune: | Original |
| Lyrics: | Miles Peter Andrews |
| Composer: | François-Hippolyte Barthélémon |
While happy in my native Land,
I boast my Country’s Charter;
I’ll never basely lend my Hand,
Her Liberties to barter.
The noble Mind is not at all
By Poverty degraded;
’Tis Guilt alone can make us fall,
And well I am persuaded.
Each free-born Briton’s Song should be,
“Or give me Death or Liberty.”
Tho’ small the Pow’r which Fortune grants,
And few the Gifts she sends us;
The lordly Hireling often wants
That Freedom that defends us.
By Law secured from lawless Strife,
Our House is our Castellum.
Thus bless’d with all that’s dear in Life,
For Lucre, shall we sell ’em?
No—ev’ry Briton’s Song should be,
“Or give me Death or Liberty.”
With each iteration, this protest grew more potent. The lyric published in 1780 came from a theatrical interlude of 1774, when its defiant refrain had no specific object. A radical 1793 reworking inveighed against despots and judges who deserved ‘the people’s vengeance’ – and it was this version that James Ings sung on the scaffold in 1820, before being executed for his role in the Cato Street conspiracy, which had sought to assassinate the British cabinet.
| Cause: | Republican | Anti-clerical | Equal Rights |
| Theme: | Rights | Political Process | War and Peace |
| Addressed to: | Britons |
| Target of Protest: | The Ruler | Aristocracy |
| Proposal/Solution: | Republicanism | Armed Rebellion |